How sessions work in Django?

  • The session framework stores and retrieves data.
  • It stores the data on the server side and sends and receives the cookies.
  • Cookies contain a session ID, not the data itself unless we are using the cookie-based sessions.
  • Django provides support for anonymous sessions.

Configuring the session engine:

By default, Django stores sessions in our database. We can configure Django to store session data using these sessions engines:
  1. Database-backed sessions
  2. Cached sessions
  3. File-based sessions
  4. Cookie-based sessions
Database-backed sessions:
  • To use databased-backed sessions we need to add "django.contrib.sessions" to our INSTALLED_APPS setting.
  • After this configuration, we need to run manage.py migrate to install the database table that stores session data.
Cached sessions:
  • For better performance, we can use a cached-based session backend.
  • We should only use it if we are using Memcached cache backend.
File-based sessions:
  • To use file-based sessions, set the SESSION_ENGINE setting to "django.contrib.sessions.backends.file".
  • We can set SESSION_FILE_PATH setting (which defaults to output from tempfile.gettempdir(), most likely /tmp) to control where Django stores session files.
Cookie-based sessions:
  • To use cookies-based session, set the SESSION_ENGINE setting to "django.contrib.sessions.backends.signed_cookies".
  • If we use cookie-based sessions, pay extra care that our secret key is always kept completely secret, for any system which might be remotely accessible.

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